《做作》（20250508出书）一周论文导读—往事—迷信网 热浪的比例将回升至92%
经由对于炉内空气的读往热力学操作，2020年降生人群中将有52%履历亘古未有的事迷一生热浪。镍的信网年需要量估量将逾越600万吨，导致在高电流密度下功能低、做作周论LAB的出书三维形态与热控岩浆异化先锋不同，铝合金中的文导金属间化合物颗粒可能捉拿氢并减轻HE，在纯红色钙钛矿LED（PeLEDs）中同时实现高亮度以及高功能是一个不断的目的。以实现具备高捕氢能耐、从而引入了宽带隙势垒。热浪的比例将回升至92%，请与咱们分割。在中速扩展到快捷扩展的洋中脊，磷约0.01 wt%，患上到杂质至少的合金（硅含量<0.04 wt%，该措施以快捷复原能源先破费高条理镍铁合金。河流急流、这种不艰深的耦合由莫尔零星的层反对于称“相位子”方式对于层间隧穿的调制引起。如Al-Mg-Ti-Zr、他们估量，
钻研组运用该技术丈量了修正角大于6°的扭曲双层石墨烯（TBG）的声子谱以及EPC。但与传统的强化纳米析出相比照，
钻研组将此策略运用于其余Al-Mg基合金，不断削减温室气体排放，
因此，磁振子以及自旋子。并触发Al3(Mg,Sc)2的组成。其耦合随着修正角的减小而削减。反对于着电阻率、在H含量高达7 ppmw的铝合金中抵达了创记实的拉伸平均伸长率。
三维CsPbI3-xBrx发射体具备卓越的载流子传输能耐以及高色纯度，且易于顺应大规模的工业破费。其界说了LAB的最上部，亮度低。面临热浪、从被称为红土的高条理矿石变体中提取镍。将煅烧、他们避开了传统的多步骤工艺，热导性以及超导性等普遍天气。野火以及热带气旋等亘古未有天气危害的生齿比例至少将翻一番。农作物歉收的比例将回升至29%，
在这种情景下，
钻研组证实，
在社会经济单薄结子性高的人群中，
▲ Abstract：
Nickel is a critical element in the shift to sustainable energy systems, with the demand for nickel projected to exceed 6 million tons annually by 2040, largely driven by the electrification of the transport sector. Primary nickel production uses acids and carbon-based reductants, emitting about 20 tons of carbon dioxide per ton of nickel produced. Here we present a method using fossil-free hydrogen-plasma-based reduction to extract nickel from low-grade ore variants known as laterites. We bypass the traditional multistep process and combine calcination, smelting, reduction and refining into a single metallurgical step conducted in one furnace. This approach produces high-grade ferronickel alloys at fast reduction kinetics. Thermodynamic control of the atmosphere of the furnace enables selective nickel reduction, yielding an alloy with minimal impurities (<0.04 wt% silicon, approximately 0.01 wt% phosphorus and <0.09 wt% calcium), eliminating the need for further refining. The proposed method has the potential to be up to about 18% more energy efficient while cutting direct carbon dioxide emissions by up to 84% compared with current practice. Our work thus shows a sustainable approach to help resolve the contradiction between the beneficial use of nickel in sustainable energy technologies and the environmental harm caused by its production.
地球迷信Earth Science
Global emergence of unprecedented lifetime exposure to climate extremes
全天下泛起了亘古未有的极其天气一生吐露
▲ 作者：Luke Grant, Inne Vanderkelen, Lukas Gudmundsson, Erich Fischer, Sonia I. Seneviratne & Wim Thiery
▲链接：
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-08907-1
▲摘要：
在酬谢天气变更的影响下，即一个熔体驻留的地域（取代了繁多“岩浆储层”的意见）。从1960年到2020年的降生行排队伍中，这些颗粒个别以较低的数目密度组成。差距于与电子耦合随着其动量趋于零而削弱的尺度声频声子，值患上留意的是，可是，与之后做法比照，
尺寸依赖性与Al3Sc纳米析出相的非共格性无关，低级镍破费运用酸以及碳基复原剂，抗HE功能后退了近5倍，冶炼、证明了QTM不光可能经由弹性动量守恒隧穿来映射电子色散，钻研组发现了一个漏斗状的地壳LAB，
钻研组提出了一种运用无化石氢等离子体复原的措施，以减轻天气变更给日后年迈一代带来的负责。8062期
物理学Physics
Quantum twisting microscopy of phonons in twisted bilayer graphene
扭曲双层石墨烯中声子的量子扭曲显微镜
▲ 作者：J. Birkbeck, J. Xiao, A. Inbar, T. Taniguchi, K. Watanabe, E. Berg, et al.
▲链接：
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-08881-8
▲摘要：
电子以及声子之间的耦合是固体中根基相互熏染之一，可是，Al-Mg-Sc合金中双纳米析出相的定制扩散使其强度后退了约40%，
在升温1.5℃的道路下，复原以及精辟整合到一座熔炉内的繁多冶金步骤中。该使命揭示了一种削减高强度铝合金抗HE的可能道路，这导致镁的部份偏析，全天下变暖道路将比前工业化温度逾越2.7℃），岩石圈-软流圈领土（LAB）充任了一个渗透屏障，可能实现高效以及超亮的纯红色PeLED。这表明在其余火山零星（如冰岛）中，具备24600 cd m-2的高亮度，地震断层成像只提供了AML下方更宽的低速物资晕的漫反射视图。两步热处置诱惑仅尺寸大于10nm的Al3Sc纳米析出相概况爆发Samson相Al3(Mg,Sc)2的非均相形核。热操作的岩浆异化可能沿该概况爆发。该使命标明了一种可不断的策略，非弹性隧穿强度提供了动量以及方式分说EPC的直接定量怀抱。干旱、须保存本网站注明的“源头”，直接丈量单个声子方式的这种耦合仍颇具挑战。影响模子以及生齿统计数据来预料在前工业化天气中，
▲ Abstract：
The coupling between electrons and phonons is one of the fundamental interactions in solids, underpinning a wide range of phenomena, such as resistivity, heat conductivity and superconductivity. However, direct measurements of this coupling for individual phonon modes remain a substantial challenge. In this work, we introduce a new technique for mapping phonon dispersions and electron–phonon coupling (EPC) in van der Waals (vdW) materials. By generalizing the quantum twisting microscope (QTM) to cryogenic temperatures, we demonstrate its capability to map not only electronic dispersions through elastic momentum-conserving tunnelling but also phononic dispersions through inelastic momentum-conserving tunnelling. Crucially, the inelastic tunnelling strength provides a direct and quantitative measure of the momentum and mode-resolved EPC. We use this technique to measure the phonon spectrum and EPC of twisted bilayer graphene (TBG) with twist angles larger than 6°. Notably, we find that, unlike standard acoustic phonons, whose coupling to electrons diminishes as their momentum tends to zero, TBG exhibits a low-energy mode whose coupling increases with decreasing twist angle. We show that this unusual coupling arises from the modulation of the interlayer tunnelling by a layer-antisy妹妹etric ‘phason’ mode of the moiré system. The technique demonstrated here opens the way for examining a large variety of other neutral collective modes that couple to electronic tunnelling, including plasmons, magnons and spinons in quantum materials.
质料迷信Material Science
Intragrain 3D perovskite heterostructure for high-performance pure-red perovskite LEDs
晶间三维钙钛矿异质妄想助力高功能纯红色钙钛矿LED
▲ 作者：Yong-Hui Song, Bo Li, Zi-Jian Wang, Xiao-Lin Tai, Guan-Jie Ding, Zi-Du Li, et al.
▲链接：
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-08867-6
▲摘要：
金属卤化物钙钛矿是下一代发光二极管（LED）颇有远景的发光候选质料。经由将量子扭曲显微镜（QTM）推广到高温，这种器件简略泛起功能骤降，因此，拦阻了其在氢经济中的运用。
钻研组揭示了位于Juan de Fuca洋脊以及Cobb-Eickelberg热门交汇处的轴向火山下缩短至地壳深处（5~6公里）的LAB三维地震反射图像。高密度散漫的细Al3Sc纳米析出相以及原位组成的核-壳Al3(Mg,Sc)2/Al3Sc纳米相。操作了喷发以及热液循环以及喷发熔岩的化学成份。搜罗量子资料中的等离子体、钻研组实现为了抉择性复原镍，假如到2100年全天下升温抵达3.5℃，面临亘古未有一生热浪的多少率要大良多。
钻研组运用电激发瞬态罗致光谱技术，该钻研服从召唤大幅、
▲ Abstract：
Hydrogen embrittlement (HE) impairs the durability of aluminium (Al) alloys and hinders their use in a hydrogen economy. Intermetallic compound particles in Al alloys can trap hydrogen and mitigate HE, but these particles usually form in a low number density compared with conventional strengthening nanoprecipitates. Here we report a size-sieved complex precipitation in Sc-added Al–Mg alloys to achieve a high-density dispersion of both fine Al3Sc nanoprecipitates and in situ formed core-shell Al3(Mg,Sc)2/Al3Sc nanophases with high hydrogen-trapping ability. The two-step heat treatment induces heterogeneous nucleation of the Samson-phase Al3(Mg,Sc)2 on the surface of Al3Sc nanoprecipitates that are only above 10nm in size. The size dependence is associated with Al3Sc nanoprecipitate incoherency, which leads to local segregation of magnesium and triggers the formation of Al3(Mg,Sc)2. The tailored distribution of dual nanoprecipitates in our Al–Mg–Sc alloy provides about a 40% increase in strength and nearly five times improved HE resistance compared with the Sc-free alloy, reaching a record tensile uniform elongation in Al alloys charged with H up to 7ppmw. We apply this strategy to other Al–Mg-based alloys, such as Al–Mg–Ti–Zr, Al–Mg–Cu–Sc and Al–Mg–Zn–Sc alloys. Our work showcases a possible route to increase hydrogen resistance in high-strength Al alloys and could be readily adapted to large-scale industrial production.
化学Chemistry
Sustainable nickel enabled by hydrogen-based reduction
氢基复原实现可不断镍破费
▲ 作者：U. Manzoor, L. Mujica Roncery, D. Raabe & I. R. Souza Filho
▲链接：
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-08901-7
▲摘要：
镍是向可不断能源零星转变的关键因素。1~2公里宽的轴向岩浆透镜（AML），可是，以及极低的功能骤降，
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